Roma Children in Eastern Europe

Across parts of Eastern Europe, Roma communities continue to face systemic barriers that limit children’s access to quality education. Poverty, discrimination, and social exclusion converge to keep many Roma students from even entering a classroom, let alone completing their studies.

Segregation is a persistent issue. In some regions, Roma children are placed in separate classes or schools with fewer resources and less experienced teachers. This “parallel” system often offers a watered-down curriculum, restricting academic growth and reinforcing stereotypes. Language differences compound the challenge, as many Roma families speak dialects that differ from the national language of instruction.

Economic hardship is another obstacle. Families frequently lack funds for transportation, uniforms, and school supplies. Older children may be expected to contribute to household income, especially in communities with high unemployment. Girls face additional pressures to marry early or take on domestic responsibilities, further lowering enrollment and completion rates. Prejudice within the education system also plays a role. Reports of bullying, biased treatment, and lowered expectations discourage attendance and erode confidence. Even when Roma students remain in mainstream schools, subtle discrimination can limit participation in advanced courses or extracurricular activities.

Despite these hurdles, positive steps are emerging. NGOs and advocacy groups work to integrate Roma children into mainstream schools, provide tutoring, and train teachers in inclusive practices. Scholarship programs and community outreach encourage parents to prioritize education. Some countries are adopting policies that prohibit segregation and promote multicultural curricula.

True equality will require more than policy statements. Governments must enforce anti-discrimination laws, invest in teacher training, and support programs that value Roma culture and language. When Roma children receive a fair education, they gain tools to break cycles of poverty and prejudice—and society benefits from their full participation.